Evaluation of fertility and embryo implantation in rats after the oral administration of Salvia officinalis (sage) extract / Evaluación de la fertilidad y la implantación de embriones en ratas después de la administración oral de extracto de Salvia officinalis (salvia)

SUMMARY: In Saudi Arabia, it is widely believed that women with reproductive problems can use the extract of the sage plant as a tea drink. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of this herb on the fertility of female rats and embryo implantation. Forty-eight Wistar virgin female rats were divided into four groups at random, with 12 rats in each group. The control group received distilled water orally. The three treatment groups received different concentrations of sage extract: 15, 60, or 100 mg/kg for 14 days before mating, then mated with a male and sacrificed on the 7th day of gestation, the uterine horns removed, and photographed. The total body weight of mothers, weight of uteri and ovaries and number of fetuses were determined. Ovarian and uteri tissues were cut into 5 µ sections and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Serum FSH, LH were determined by the ELISA method. The present study showed that low dose of sage (15 mg/kg) have no effects on serum concentration levels of FSH and LH hormones, also has no effect on the number of growing follicles. The present study showed a significant differences (P≤0.05) in body weight, ovary and uterus weight in the groups treated with high doses of Salvia officinalis as compared to control group. Also a significant differences (P≤0.05) found in FSH, LH hormones. Histological study showed overall histomorphological structural configurations including growing and matured graafian follicular countable changes, besides a number of corpora lutea and regressed follicles in the treated groups with high doses of Salvia officinalis as compared to control group. The researchers concluded that the extract of the sage plant with high doses can stimulate the growth graafian follicles and improve fertility in female rats.

RESUMEN: En Arabia Saudita, se cree ampliamente que las mujeres con problemas reproductivos pueden usar el extracto de la planta de salvia como bebida de té. Este estudio se realizó para investigar los efectos de esta hierba sobre la fertilidad de las ratas hembra y la implantación del embrión. Se dividieron cuarenta y ocho ratas hembra vírgenes Wistar en cuatro grupos al azar, con 12 ratas en cada grupo. El grupo control recibió agua destilada por vía oral. Los tres grupos de tratamiento recibieron diferentes concentraciones de extracto de salvia: 15, 60 o 100 mg/kg durante 14 días antes del apareamiento, luego se aparearon con un macho y se sacrificaron el día 7 de gestación, se extrajeron los cuernos uterinos y se fotografiaron. Se determinó el peso corporal total de las madres, el peso del útero y los ovarios y el número de fetos. Los tejidos ováricos y uterinos se cortaron en secciones de 5 µ y se tiñeron con hematoxilina y eosina. FSH sérica, LH se determinaron por el método ELISA. El presente estudio mostró que dosis bajas de salvia (15 mg/kg) no tienen efectos sobre los niveles de concentración sérica de las hormonas FSH y LH, tampoco tienen efecto sobre el número de folículos en crecimiento. El presente estudio mostró diferencias significativas (P≤0,05) en el peso corporal, peso de ovario y útero en los grupos tratados con altas dosis de Salvia officinalis en comparación con el grupo control. También se encontraron diferencias significativas (P≤0,05) en las hormonas FSH, LH. El estudio histológico mostró configuraciones estructurales histomorfológicas generales que incluyen cambios contables en los folículos maduros (de Graaf) y en crecimiento, además de una cantidad de cuerpos lúteos y folículos en regresión en los grupos tratados con altas dosis de Salvia officinalis en comparación con el grupo de control. Los investigadores concluyeron que el extracto de la planta de salvia en altas dosis puede estimular el crecimiento de los folículos maduros y mejorar la fertilidad en ratas hembra.

Buchholzia coriacea (wonderful kola) seeds induce male reproductive toxicity by suppressing the pituitary-gonadal axis in Wistar rats

The methanolic extract of Buchholzia coriacea seeds (MEBC) has been reported to induce male reproductive toxicity by decreasing sperm parameters and fertility index. To elucidate the possible mechanism(s), the effects of graded doses of MEBC on sex hormones and sperm profile were investigated in this study. The MEBC (e.g., 50, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) was administered daily (p.o.) to male Wistar rats for 6 weeks, while a concurrent control group received distilled water (vehicle). Then, the animals were sacrificed under sodium pentobarbital anaesthesia. Weights of organs were recorded, and the sperm profile was determined microscopically. Testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were assayed from the obtained serum using the ELISA technique. Sperm motility was significantly reduced by MEBC (i.e., 50 and 200 mg/kg), and sperm count reduced in all treated groups in a dose-dependent manner compared with that of the control. Serum testosterone, LH, and FSH decreased in treated rats. A histopathological examination of testes showed a considerable depletion and necrosis of the epithelium of seminiferous tubules. The result suggests that Buchholzia coriacea seeds induce male reproductive toxicity by suppressing the pituitary-gonadal axis.

Parâmetros reprodutivos e produtivos em vacas leiteiras de manejo free stall / Productive and reproductive parameters of dairy cows in free stall

Avaliou-se parâmetros reprodutivos e produtivos em vacas da raça Holandês-PB no pós-parto imediato, manejadas em free stall . Utilizou-se 51 vacas entre primíparas e pluríparas. Os valores obtidos foram: escore de condição corporal ao parto 3,47±0,4; intervalos do parto à primeira ovulação 5,89±3,4 semanas; ao primeiro serviço 112,5±57,0 dias; a taxa de gestação ao primeiro serviço foi 43,6% e no período experimental 76,4%, não sendo observada diferença para ordens de parto (P>0,05). A produção de leite acumulada à concepção, produção diária leite até a concepção e produção de leite ajustado para 305 foi respectivamente, 3.335,6±1.488,4; 25,8±5,4 e 7.424,0±1.877,8 litros. Conclui-se que no manejo de Free stall , a detecção de estro, foi o principal fator limitante para alcançar melhor eficiência reprodutiva.

The reproductive and productive parameters in postpartum of 51 primiparous and pluriparous Holstein cows housed in free stall were obtained. The values measured were: body condition score at parturition (3.47±0.4), interval from parturition to first ovulation (5.89±3.4 weeks), interval parturition at first service (112.5±57.0 days), first-service pregnancy rate (43.6%) and during the experimental period (76.4%). No difference was found between parturition order (P>0.05). The accumulated milk production until conception time, daily production until conception time, and adjusted 305-day milk production was respectively 3,335.6±1,488.4; 25.8±5.4 and 7,424.0±1,877.8 liters. In free stall of this study the estrus detection was the most limiting factor to improve the reproductive efficiency.

Toxic effects of lead exposure during gestation and lactation on testicular development in albino rat offspring: a hormonal and histopathological study

This study aims at exploring the effect of lead exposure during pregnancy and lactation on the rat testis, which was evaluated via light and electron microscopic examination of testicular tissue, besides estimation of serum follicle stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH] and testosterone [TT] levels. Dams were intoxicated with 10 mg/kg body weight [BW]/day lead acetate throughout the gestational period and lactation. Pups were sacrificed on postnatal [PN] days 1 and 21. The weights of the body and testes, as well as serum gonadotropins and TT concentrations were significantly reduced in pups from lead-intoxicated mothers compared with their controls. Light microscopic examination of testicular samples from lead-exposed pups revealed thin-walled seminiferous tubules with significant reduction in their size. In addition, multiple vacuoles were seen within the tubules and in the interstitium, and the interstitial spaces appeared enlarged with reduced number of Leydig cells. Apoptotic bodies were found among the basal parts of the spermatogenic epithelium. Examination of testicular tissue from the same group by electron microscopy revealed more cellular details confirming the toxic effects of lead. The altered seminiferous tubules showed multiple cytoplasmic vacuoles and precipitates along the nuclear membranes in Sertoli cells. Several seminiferous tubules showed apoptotic cells with heterochromatic nuclei and dense cytoplasm, whereas other tubules appeared ensheathed by single layers of myoid cells. Leydig cells revealed cytoplasmic vacuolations and irregular nuclei with chromatin masses. The results of this study indicate that lead intoxication affected the normal development of germinal cells and disrupted the testicular structure and endocrinal functions

[Assessment of serum LH, FSH /tumor fluid FSH, LH ratio in ovarian tumors]

As ovarian cancers are prevalent and have a high mortality rate, early diagnosis is important. Markers that detect ovarian malignancies earlier, include the levels of serum and ovarian cyst fluid gonadotropins. This study was performed in Imam Hossein hospital between 2008 and 2010 to determine the diagnostic value of the ratio of serum to ovarian cyst fluid gonadotropins in defining the type of ovarian tumors. This cross-sectional study was performed on patients operated because of ovarian mass. Their serum samples and cyst fluid were collected at the time of laparatomy and the histopathologic diagnosis was established after removal of the tumor. FSH and LH concentration were measured in serum and tumor fluid by Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay technology in Imam Hossein laboratory and the ratios of serum FSH and LH to the cyst fluid gonadotropins were determined in four pathologic groups [simple cyst, benign, borderline and malignant]; statistical comparison was done with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test. We studied 100 patients with ovarian masses; in 79 patients pathology was reported as epithelial tumors and simple cysts. The most common mass were simple cysts [48.1%], followed by benign tumors [27.8%], malignant tumors [16.5%] and borderline tumors [7.6%]. Serum FSH/ tumor fluid ratios were, 21.1 +/- 53.8 in simple cysts, 50.7 +/- 174.9 in benign tumors, 1.5 +/- 0.7 in borderline tumors and 1.9 +/- 1.9 in malignant tumors [P<0.001]. Serum LH/tumor fluid ratios were 12.1 +/- 26.5 in simple cysts, 20.0 +/- 29.1 in benign tumors, 2.6 +/- 2.3 in borderline tumors and 2.8 +/- 3.7 in malignant tumors [P<0.002]. Our findings suggest that serum/tumor fluid gonadotropins ratio can be used as a tumor marker for identification of ovarian tumors

GnRH Agonist Therapy to Protect Ovarian Function in Young Korean Breast Cancer Patients

The increased survival of patients with breast cancer has given rise to other problems associated with the complications of chemotherapy. One major complication is premature ovarian failure, an especially harmful outcome for women of reproductive age. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of GnRH agonist (GnRHa) treatment on protecting ovarian function in young breast cancer patients (30.59+/-5.1 yr) receiving chemotherapy after surgery. Twenty-two women were enrolled and given subcutaneous injections of leuprolide acetate (3.75 mg) every 4 weeks during chemotherapy. Follow-up laboratory tests (luteinizing hormone [LH], follicle stimulating hormone [FSH], and estradiol) were performed 1, 3, and 6 months after chemotherapy. Menstruation patterns and clinical symptoms were followed up for a mean duration of 35.6+/-1.7 months. FSH and LH levels were normal in all patients 6 months after completing chemotherapy (8.0+/-5.3, 4.4+/-2.7 mIU/mL, respectively). During follow-up, none of the patients complained of menopausal symptoms and 81.8% experienced recovery of menstruation. This report is the first trial of GnRHa as a treatment modality to protect ovarian function during adjuvant chemotherapy in young Korean breast cancer patients.

Immunodetection of Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Prolactin (PRL) in Brachionus calyciflorus (Rotifera: Monogononta)

The endocrine system controls and coordinates behavioral, biochemical, and physiological processes through signal mechanisms using neuropeptides or products of neurosecretory cells. Among invertebrates, this system is poorly studied in rotifers, in which estrogens and androgens significantly affect sexual reproduction. This is the first report of the presence of the Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Prolactin (PRL) in rotifers. Analyses included the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method with primary antibodies LH (Anti-Rat LH serum for RIA), PRL (Anti-Rat PRL serum for RIA), FSH (Anti-Rat FSH serum for RIA) and TSH (Anti-Rat TSH serum for RIA). These hormones were found in females, males and parthenogenetic and sexual eggs of the freshwater Brachionus calyciflorus. The immunoreactivity of FSH, LH, TSH and PRL in females was observed in: ovaries, cerebrum, mastax, stomach, lorica, and the stomach gland. However, in males LH was observed only at the trochal disk and cerebrum. The hormones FSH, TSH and PRL, were observed in testicles, contractil vesicles, and cementary gland of males. Regarding amictic or parthenogenetic eggs, the hormones LH, FSH, TSH, and PRL were located mainly in the micromeres, and the staining in the macromeres was weak. On the other hand, in the mictic or sexual eggs the inner shell is stained for the hormones PRL and LH, opposite to the staining of FSH and TSH, located mainly in the embryo. In general, immuno-reactivity was observed in areas important for the reproductive, excretory, digestive and developmental processes. Rev. Biol. Trop. 57 (4): 1049-1058. Epub 2009 December 01.

Se logró detectar la presencia de las hormonas: Hormona Luteinizante (LH), Hormona Folículo Estimulante (FSH), Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (TSH) y Prolactina (PRL) en Brachionus calyciflorus siendo el primer reporte de la presencia de dichas hormonas en rotíferos. Estas hormonas fueron identificadas por un método inmunológico-histológico-químico usando el complejo avidina-biotina- peroxidasa con los siguientes anticuerpos primarios: LH (Anti-Rata LH suero para RIA), PRL (Anti-Rata PRL suero para RIA), FSH (Anti-Rata FSH suero para RIA) y TSH (Anti-Rata TSH en suero para RIA). Estas hormonas se encontraron en las hembras, machos, huevos partenogenéticos y huevos sexuales del rotífero dulceacuícola B. calyciflorus. La reactividad inmunológica de FSH, LH, PRL y TSH en las hembras se observó en ovarios, cerebro, mástax, estómago, lorica, y la glándula del estómago. Sin embargo, en machos, la LH se observó sólo en el disco trocal y cerebro mientras que las hormonas FSH, PRL y TSH, se observaron en testículos, vesícula contráctil, y la glándula cementaria. En cuanto a los huevos partenogenéticos o amícticos, las hormonas LH, FSH, TSH, y PRL, se encontraron principalmente en los micrómeros, y en los macrómeros la tinción es débil. Por otra parte, el huevo sexual o míctico muestra reactividad inmunológica en la cubierta interior del huevo para las hormonas LH y PRL, lo contrario para FSH y TSH, las cuales se observaron principalmente en el embrión. La reactividad inmunológica fue observada, en general, en áreas importantes para los procesos reproductivos, excretorios, digestivos y del desarrollo.

LH/FSH ratio: a better marker of secondary amenorrhea in patients from eastern Nepal.

FSH, LH and prolactin (PRL) levels were assessed by ELISA in 50 cases with secondary amenorrhea and 52 age and sex-matched healthy controls from eastern Nepal. Cases were diagnosed by differential diagnosis, and data were analyzed using standard statistical tools. Early stage (3-6 months) and long standing (> 6 months) secondary amenorrhea had no effect (p > 0.05) in hormonal parameters studied. Pulse, SBP, DBP, weight, height, age of menarche, cycle interval and duration of flows were homogenous (p > 0.05) in patients and controls. Median age of menarche, median cycle interval and median duration of flows in healthy subjects were 14 years, 30 and 4 days respectively. FSH in cases (15.38 +/- 7.24 mU/ml) was significantly elevated (p < 0.01) as compared to controls (9.38 +/- 6.34 mU/ml). LH in cases (35.44 +/- 24.35 mU/ml, median 36.5 mU/ml) was significantly (p < 0.01) elevated by almost 5 times of its mean value and 9 times of its median value as compared to that of controls (7.58 +/- 6.604 mU/ml, median 4.2 mU/ml). LH/ FSH ratio in cases (2.44 +/- 1.73, median 2.00) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) as compared to controls (0.82 +/- 0.42, median 0.76). FSH e"12 mU/ml, LH e"10 mU/ml and LH/FSH ratio e"1 cut offs were significantly associated (p = 0.000 in each) with the cases as revealed by chi-square analysis, and LH/FSH ratio e"1 (Sensitivity = 84.0%, specificity = 77.0%) was found to be a stronger marker of secondary amenorrhea. As the elevation of LH was more pronounced than that of FSH, this study hints towards possible LH receptor mutation, which is generally found in premature ovarian failure (POF). Diagnosis of cases in this region may need a new cut off level for POF, as the elevation of FSH itself was not as pronounced as reported by other workers.

Avaliação da liberação de lh e da concentração de progesterona em protocolos ovsynch e heatsynch em bubalinos (Bubalus bubalis) / Evaluation of lh surge and progesterone concentration in ovsynch and heatsynch protocols in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a liberação de LH durante osprotocolos de sincronização da ovulação em bubalinos. Para tanto, quinze búfalas multíparas receberam 25 mg de Lecirelina no Dia 0, e150 mg de D-Cloprostenol no Dia 7. No Dia 8, foi aplicado benzoato de estradiol nas búfalas do Grupo 1 (0,5 mg, n = 5) e do Grupo 2 (1,0mg, n = 5). No Dia 9, os animais receberam 25mg de Lecirelina(Controle, n = 5). Para mensuração das concentrações plasmáticas de LH foram colhidas amostras de sangue da veia jugular no Dia 7, e em seguida em intervalos de 3 horas até completar 72 horas após a aplicação de PGF2a. Para avaliação da liberação de LH foram comparados os momentos de ocorrência do pico LH em relação à PGF2a, as durações, as amplitudes e a área sob o pico de pré-ovulatório de LH. As búfalasdos Grupos Controle, 1 e 2 apresentaram picos pré-ovulatórios deLH em 51 + 0,0 horas, 47,3 + 2,7 horas e 47,0 + 3,8 horas após a aplicação da PGF2a, respectivamente (P>0,05). A duração do pico deLH foi menor no Controle (7,8 + 1,5 horas) do que nos Grupos 1 e2 (10,5 + 1,5 horas vs. 10,8 + 2,4 horas, respectivamente; P < 0,05). Aamplitude média dos picos pré-ovulatórios de LH foram de 4,5 + 0,4ng/mL, 4,0 + 0,4 ng/mL e 4,3 + 0,8 ng/mL para os Grupos Controle,1 e 2, respectivamente (P > 0,05). A área sob o pico de LH no Controle(4,8 ± 0,7) foi menor do que as áreas dos Grupos 1 e 2 (8,8 ± 2,5 vs.8,7 ± 2,2, respectivamente; P < 0,05). Em resumo, a aplicação debenzoato de estradiol proporcionou maior duração e área do picopré-ovulatório de LH do que a administração de GnRH em protocolos Ovsynch em bubalinos.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the LH surge after lasthormonal injection of synchronization of ovulation protocols inbuffalo. Fifteen multiparous buffaloes received 25 mg of Lecirelin inDay 0, and 150 mg of D-Cloprostenol on Day 7. On Day 8, estradiolbenzoate was injected in Group 1 (0.5 mg, n = 5) and Group 2 (1.0mg, n = 5). On Day 9, five buffaloes received 25 mg of Lecirelin(Control). Blood samples were collected for measure the LHconcentrations on Day 7 and then every 3 hours until 72 hours afterthe PGF2a injection. For evaluation of LH surge were compared theinterval between PGF2a injection to LH surge, duration, amplitudeand area under the LH peak. The LH surge occurred 51.0 + 0.0 hours,47.3 + 2.7 hours and 47.0 + 3.8 hours after PGF2a injection for Control,Group 1 and Group 2, respectively (P > 0.05). The duration of LHpeak in Control (7.8 + 1.5 hours) was shorter than Groups 1 and 2(10.5 + 1.5 hours vs. 10.8 + 2.4 hours, respectively; P < 0.05). Theamplitudes of LH peak were 4.5 + 0.4 ng/mL, 4.0 + 0.4 ng/mL and4.3 + 0.8 ng/mL for Control, Group 1 and Group 2, respectively (P> 0.05). The area under LH peak for Control (4.8 ± 0.7) was smallerthan the areas of the Groups 1 and 2 (8.8 ± 2.5 vs. 8.7 2.2, respectively;P < 0.05). In summary, the estradiol benzoate injection providedhigher duration and area of LH peak than GnRH injection in Ovsynchprotocol in buffalo.

Estudo comparativo de mulheres na menopausa, com e sem terapia de reposicao hormonal, apresentando hepatite C / Comparative study of menopaused women with and without hormonal replacement therapy both with hepatitis C

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar 22 mulheres na menopausa com hepatite C. Grupo A: 11 pacientes com terapia de reposicao...

Relation between third day LH level and ovarian response in IVF cycles

Infertility treatment has reached to prominent improvements in recent years and new methods of ART have important role in these improvements. Several factors are considered for patient's evaluation in these methods. For this purpose, we decided to evaluate the relation between third day LH with ovarian response in IVF cycles. This is a prospective study and 78 IVF candidates were chosen base on study requirements and were divided into two groups according to third day LH level. First group was consisted of 14 women with LH<3 mIU/ml, and second group was consisted of 64 women with LH>3. Patients had gone under treatment cycle base on long treatment plan with agonist gonadotropins and human gonadotropins. Then two groups were compared for number of follicle, number of retrieved oocyte, duration of ovarian stimulation, number of used gonadotropin ampules, number of resulted embryos, cancellation rate of cycles and finally pregnancy rate. Base on results and considering P value < 0.05, significant differences were not observed between the two groups in third day LH, patient age, kind of infertility, cause of infertility and duration of infertility. In other hand, two groups did not show any significance difference in ovarian response, number of follicle and retrieved oocyte, stimulation duration, number of used ampules, cancellation rate of cycles and pregnancy rate. This reveals third day LH level is not associated with success rate in IVF cycles

Antiovarian antibody in premature ovarian failure.

Premature ovarian failure is a syndrome consisting of primary or secondary amenorrhoea, hypergonodotropiremia and hypoestrogenemia in women under the age of 40. An autoimmune mechanism was suggested as possible etiology when Vallolton and Forbes in 1966-67 found antibodies to the cytoplasm of rabbit ova in 29 of 232 tested sera. Immune mechanism in the pathogenesis of premature ovarian failure (POF) is suggested by association of autoimmune phenomenon with POF in some cases and demonstration of circulating antibodies to ovary in serum samples from women with POF. The incidence of presence of antiovarian antibody of POF patients has been reported earlier. Evidence of autoimmunity is present in 18-92% of patients with POF. In the present study we have studied 18 cases of POF without any overt manifestation of autoimmune disorder but the antiovarian antibody was detected, with the idea that this autoantibody might be the cause of ovarian dysfunction which is evident in POF. Presence of antiovarian antibody in 16.67% cases with POF in our study that ovarian antibodies may play a role in or reflect an autoimmune process responsible for the development of POF.

Interpreting immunoassays

Immunoassay are carried out to quantify body fluids, and form an integral part of the clinical diagnosis. However, normal ranges of laboratories differ and the same value may be normal for one laboratory and pathological for another. Thus it becomes extremely important to correlate the clinical picture with the chemical pathology profile

Response of the adult female rats to ovariectomy as determined by luteinsing hormone radioimmunoassay

This study was carried out to see the response of ovariectomy in adult female rats as determined by rat Luteinising Hormone [rLH] Radioimrnunoassy [RIA]. Animals were divided in two groups. Group I [control, n=6] were sham ovariectomised and group II [experimental, n=4] were ovariectomised. Next day at 1400 hours rats were sacrificed and their plasma was collected for rLH, RIA. It was observed that there was highly significant increase in plasma rLH [P<0.001] in experimental group as compared to controls. Also the increase in the weights of hypothalamus and anterior pituitary of experimental group was highly significant [P<0.001] as compared to controls. This shows that this rise in plasma rLH and weights of hypothalamus and anterior pituitary was due to loss of negative feed back effect of ovarian steroids

Disfunción ovárica en esclerosis sistémica progresiva/CREST / Ovarian disfunction in progressive systemic sclerosis/CREST

Objetivo. Estudiar la función ovárica en esclerosis sistémica progresiva (ESP)/CREST. Metodología. Se estudiaron 13 mujeres con ESP/CREST y 18 controles sanas, subdivididas en menstruantes y menopáusicas y analizadas desde los puntos de vista reumatológico, endocrinológico y ginecológico. Resultados. La ESP inició a edad más temprana que el CREST (p=0.02). Ocho enfermas menstruantes (Grupo 1) tuvieron opsomenorrea y amenorrea y 2 infertilidad. En las pacientes ESP/CREST menopáusicas (Grupo 2), 3 tuvieron menopausia temprana. En el Grupo 1, la hormona folículo estimulante (HFE) y la prolactina (PRL) en suero resultaron elevadas (p=NS) y el estradiol (E2) sérico disminuido en la fase preovulatoria respecto de las controles (p<0.05). En el Grupo 2 la HFE y la luteinizante estuvieron elevadas en suero (p<0.04 y p<0.03, respectivamente) y el E2 fue bajo (p=NS) respecto de las controles. El Grupo 1 tuvo inmunoglobulinas séricas (p=0.0001 y 0.004) y velocidad de sedimentación globular (VSG, p=0.016) mayores que las controles. En el grupo de ESP/CREST hubo correlación entre E2 e IgA (p<0.001) y los niveles de PRL e IgM (p<0.001), que fueron diferentes a los de las controles. Conclusión. En pacientes con ESP/CREST existe disfunción ovárica, con problable participación de E2 y PRL como intermediarias de la inflamación y/o de la respuesta inmunológica

Uso de análogos de GnRH por vía nasal en el tratamiento de miomatosis uterina / Use of GnRH analogs, nasal via in the treatment of uterine myomatosis

Se estudiaron nueve pacientes a las que se les administró un análogo agonista de GnRH intranasal (acetato de nafarelin) con el propósito de disminuir el tamaño de los miomas. En todas se observó un decremento del tamaño uterino lo mismo que del tamaño de los miomas. Las concentraciones de FSH disminuyeron desde el primer ciclo de tratamiento mientras que las de LH y E2 se incrementaron inicialmente y después disminuyeron. Las pacientes presentaron sangrado menstrual entre cuatro y ocho semanas después de suspendido el medicamento. Los anteriores resultados confirman la efectividad de los análogos de GnRH para el tratamiento de la miomatosis uterina

Asma y ciclo menstrual / Asthma and menstrual cycle

A través del presente trabajo buscamos puntos de apoyo a la suposición de que las variaciones de los niveles hormonales que se producen a lo largo de un ciclo menstrual influyen en la evolución de la enfermedad asmática. Se estudiaron 18 pacientes asmáticas, con una edad promedio de 21 ñ años, cuyo tratamiento no incluía corticoides por vía oral, no usaban anticonceptivos orales, y no cursaban embarazo o lactancia. Esta muestra se dividió en 2 grupos: A pacientes que relatan agravación de su sintomotología respiratoria en el premenstruo, B pacientes que no perciben variaciones de su sintomatología en relación al ciclo menstrual. En ambos grupos se llevó a cabo: a) estudio basal seriado de hormona foliculo estimulante (FSH), hormona luteinizante (LH), prolactina (Prol), progesterona (Prog) y estradiol (E), b) colpocitología hormonal seriada y c) evaluación diaria del grado de broncoconstricción, mediante pico flujo. Se incluyó con fines comparativos de niveles hormonales un grupo control de cinco mujeres sanas, con edad promedio de 26 ñ 6 años, que no usaban anticonceptivos orales y presentaban ciclos ovulatorios comprobados. Se encontró: 1) ausencia de diferencia significativa entre los valores del PF de ambos grupos de asmáticas a lo largo del CM. 2) Niveles de progesterona significativamente menores en el grupo de asmáticas con respecto al control, en la tercer semana del ciclo, también en esta semana se halló un descenso significativo del índice progesterona/estradiol en el grupo de asmáticas con respecto al control. Los niveles de estradiol se encontraron significativanente descendidos en las asmáticas durante la segunda semana del ciclo. Todas las alteraciones aparecen más acentuadas en el grupo A. Estos dos hallazgos sugieren que la agravación del asma experimentada por las pacientes del grupo A, podría deberse a las alteraciones hormonales descritas. El próximo paso en la búsqueda de soluciones para estas pacientes puede ser el encontrar un tratamiento destinado a corregir dichas alteraciones hormonales

Variaciones de las formas moleculares de LH y FSH durante el ciclo ovárico normal / Variations of molecular forms of LH and FSH during normal ovarian cycle(AU)

Los cambios en la concentración de LH y FSH durante el ciclo ovárico se han podido determinar con toda precisión, pero recientemente se ha despertado interés en conocer si las formas moleculares de dichas gonadotropinas guardan una relación con la fase del ciclo ovulatorio. Mediante cromatografía en gel se analizaron los sueros de mujeres con ciclo ovárico normal así como pacientes sin ovulación determinándose el peso molecular de acuerdo con la curva de marcadores y el coeficiente de participación. A mitad del ciclo se observó el promedio de la forma LH 32-34 kDa; en cambio el patrón cromatográfico de FSH fue polimorfo con las isoformas distribuidas irregularmente. En contraste, el perfil cromatográfico obtenido del suero de mujeres con ciclo anovulatorio mostró una heterogeneidad de LH y mayor irregularidad de FSH. Se concluye que el tipo de isoforma de LH puede estar asociado con la mayor actividad biológica que es necesaria para la ocurrencia de la ovulación. Estas observaciones parecen tener una inferencia fisiológica y terapéutica

Níveis hormonais no climatério / Hormonal levels in climacterium

ms autores fazem análise de cinco anos de observaçöes de mulheres no climatério, com um total de 1023 casos, dos quais 937 com dados completos. Foram dosados FSH, LH, prolactina, estradiol, testosterona e progesterona, eo comportamento de cada um deles é estudado em relaçåo å data da última menstruaçåo. Concluem que, embora nåo necessárias para o diagnóstico, as dosagens hormonais fornecem indicaçåo favorável ao tratamento de reposiçåo com estrogênios, sendo ainda úteis para o seguimento da terapêutica